Torn Knee Ligaments:

• Anterior Cruciate
  
• Posterior Cruciate
  
• Medial Collateral
  
• Lateral Collateral
  

• Knee Bracing and
  Structured Rehabilitation
  
  
• Primary Suture-Repair
  
  
• Surgical Reconstruction using autograft or allograft tendon tissue

Meniscus Derangement
(torn "knee cartilage")

• Meniscus Repair
  
  
• Meniscus Excision (meniscectomy)
  
  
• Meniscus Replacement (allograft transplantation)
  

Knee Arthritis (a.k.a. osteoarthritis, or "degenerative joint disease")

• Weight Loss, Oral Anti-Inflammatory Medication, Nutritional Cartilage Support Therapy, Special Bracing/Orthotics
  
  
• Injection Treatment (Synvisc, Hyalgan, cortisone)
  
  
• Arthroscopic Debridement and Chondroplasty (joint "housecleaning")
  
  
• Realignment Osteotomy (femur or tibia)
  
  
• Joint Replacement or Hemi-Replacement
  

Articular (joint surface) Defects

• Arthroscopic Chondroplasty (cartilage shaving/smoothing)
  
  
• Local Abrasion Arthroplasty
  (bone surface abrasion)
  
  
• Drilling or "Microfracture" treatment of bone surface
  
  
• "O.A.T.S." Procedures (osteo-articular auto-transplantation surgery)
  
  
• "A.C.I." Surgery (cartilage biopsy with cell culture and re-implantation)
  
  
• Osteo-articular Allografting
  

Patellar Malalignment / Instability
(maltracking, subluxation, dislocation)

• Structured Rehabilitation and Knee Bracing
  
  
• Lateral Retinacular Release
  
  
• Medial Retinacular . Repair/Reconstruction vs. Thermal Retinacular Tightening
  
  
• Patellar Realignment Surgery
  (distal and/or proximal)

Patellar Chondromalacia

• Weight loss, Oral Anti-Inflammatory Medication, Nutritional Cartilage Support Therapy
  
  
• Structured Rehabilitation
  
  
• Arthroscopic Chondroplasty
  
  
• Lateral Retinacular Release
  
  
• Tibial (distal) Extensor Mechanism Realignment Osteotomy
  

Knee Tendon Conditions:

Jumper's Knee (patellar tendinitis)
Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome
Quadriceps/Patellar Tendon Rupture
Snapping Biceps, Hamstring or Popliteus Tendons

• Physical Therapy/Rehabilitation
  
  
• Injection Treatment
  
  
• Surgical Tendon Repair
  
  
• Tendon Grafting / Reconstruction
  
  
• Tendon Release vs. Tenodesis
  

Synovial (joint membrane) Disorders:

Traumatic Synovitis

PVNS (pigmented villonodular synovitis)

Rheumatoid Synovitis

• Anti-Inflammatory Medication and Physical Therapy
  
  
• Injection Treatment (cortisone, Synvisc, Hyalgan)
  
  
• Arthroscopic Synovectomy
  

Osteochondritis Dissecans
("O.C.D.")

• Activity Reduction, Observation
  
  
• Arthroscopic Drilling / Debridement
  
  
• Osteochondral Plug Grafting
  
  
• Internal Fixation, with or without Retrograde or Anterograde Bone Grafting
  
  
• Removal of Loose Bone/Cartilage Fragments from Joint

Knee Arthrofibrosis / Contracture
(stiff or "frozen" joint syndrome)

• Joint Manipulation (forcible stretching) under anesthesia followed by intensive Physical Therapy
  
  
• Arthroscopic Scar Removal
  
  
• Arthroscopic Retinacular Release
  
  
• Open Capsular Release
  
  
• Tendon Lengthening / Release
  

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
("R.S.D")

• Non-Operative Treatment (physical therapy and anesthesia pain management)
  
  
• Arthroscopic Treatment of concomitant internal joint problems that are causing local pain and thereby stimulating the R.S.D. condition
  
  
• Continuous Passive Motion Treatment under Epidural Blockade
  

Prepatellar or other Bursitis

• Fluid Aspiration (drainage) and Injection Treatment
  
  
• Surgical Removal of Bursa (arthroscopically if possible)
  

Popliteal ("Baker's") Cysts;
Ganglion Cysts

• Fluid Aspiration (drainage) and Injection Treatment
  
  
• Surgical Cyst Removal

Meniscus Cysts

• Injection Treatment
  
  
• Arthroscopic Cyst Decompression with Partial Meniscectomy
  

Fat Pad Hypertrophy/Impingement Syndrome (Hoffa's Disease)

• Injection Treatment
  
  
• Arthroscopic Fat Pad Reduction

Knee Joint Fractures

• Arthroscopic Bone Fragment Repositioning and Fixation using pins or screws
  
  
• Open (non-arthroscopic) Bone Fragment Repositioning and Fixation with pins or screws
  
  
• Bone Grafting
  

Osgood-Schlatter's Disease

• Activity Modification vs. Splinting, followed by Physical Therapy (children)
  
  
• Patellar Tendon Debridement with Removal of Painful Bone Ossicles (symptomatic adults)

"Loose Bodies"
(free-floating pieces of cartilage
or bone in the knee)

• Arthroscopic Removal

Knee Plica Syndrome

• Physical Therapy / Injection Treatment
  
  
• Arthroscopic Plica Removal

Avascular Bone Necrosis
(femur, tibia or patella)

• Arthroscopic Drilling / Decompression
  
  
• Osteochondral Auto- or Allo-grafting
  
  
• Joint Replacement Surgery